Canopy height
How tall the forest canopy is, measured by spaceborne lidar as a mean top height on a grid of about 1 kilometre.
Open the layerWhere the 2015 forest-management map marks planted forest and short-rotation timber plantation, with the reported total of about 312 million hectares.
Lesiv 2015 · planted share · FRA ~312 Mha
The plate is the Lesiv and colleagues (2022) global forest-management raster for 2015, 100 metre classes, counted as the share of each 0.02 degree cell in planted forest (rotation longer than 15 years) or short-rotation timber plantation. Oil palm is a separate class in that raster and stays off this plate. The 2025 forest assessment still reports planted forests at about 312 million hectares, roughly 8 percent of total forest area. That hectare total is a national land-use statistic. The colour on this plate is the 2015 map share.
Planted area can rise while primary forest falls. A planted stand and an old naturally regenerating forest are different ecosystems.
Colour is the share of the cell in those two planted classes. Empty land falls outside those classes. The pattern is for 2015. The oil-palm class stays out of the forest-area total unless the definitions are checked first.
How tall the forest canopy is, measured by spaceborne lidar as a mean top height on a grid of about 1 kilometre.
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Aboveground biomass density from spaceborne lidar, mapped in tonnes per hectare.
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Where fire burned in 2023, as the annual burned fraction on a quarter-degree grid.
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Climatic and ecological zones used for forest reporting: a zoning of land by climate and ecology.
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Country totals of living-biomass carbon in 2025, aboveground plus belowground, from the forest assessment, with the five-pool global total alongside.
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Where the 2021 land-cover map assigns the tree-cover class, counted as the share of each cell.
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Where the peat map records peat: a global extent of organic soils.
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The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations reports that forests cover 4.14 billion hectares, 32 percent of the world land, based on reports from 236 countries and areas.
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The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations reports at least 1.18 billion hectares of primary forest, 29 percent of all forest: naturally regenerating forest of native tree species with no clearly visible signs of human activity.
Open the layerSource: Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025, primary forests
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations reports that the world forest area shrank by a net 4.12 million hectares a year in 2015 to 2025, down from 10.7 million hectares a year in 1990 to 2000.
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The World Resources Institute reports that the world lost 4.3 million hectares of tropical primary rainforest in 2025, 36 percent less than in the record year 2024.
Open the layerSource: World Resources Institute, Global Forest Review analysis of tropical forest loss in 2025
A 2015 study in the journal Nature combined 429,775 forest plot measurements with remote sensing and mapping layers and estimated that there are about 3.04 trillion trees on Earth.
Open the layerSource: Nature, Mapping tree density at a global scale (2015)
Definitions, sources, and the rest of the published set.
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July canopy greenness from space, 2001-2025.
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Ice-age vegetation, biomes, and land after people.
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The long view, the years we can measure, and three possible paths.
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